Which choice makes the sentence grammatically acceptable?

A. No Change
B. cryptographers Whitfield Diffie, and Martin Hellman
C. cryptographers, Whitfield Diffie and Martin Hellman,
D. cryptographers, Whitfield Diffie and Martin Hellman,

Which transition word or phrase, if any, is most logical in context?

F. No Change
G. consequently,
H. for example,
J. Delete the underlined portion.

The writer is considering deleting the highlighted sentence. Should the sentence be kept or deleted?

A. Kept, because it provides an example of a mathematical algorithm that underpins public-key cryptography.
B. Kept, because it explains the RSA acronym.
C. Deleted, because it includes technical details that are not relevant to the paragraph.
D. Deleted, because it repeats information provided earlier in the paragraph.

Which choice makes the sentence most grammatically acceptable?

F. No Change
G. require
H. has required
J. is requiring

Which choice is clearest and most precise in context?

A. No Change
B. important
C. vital
D. impractical

Which transition word or phrase is most logical in context?

F. No Change
G. Consequently
H. Thus
J. However

Which choice makes the sentence most grammatically acceptable?

A. No Change
B. that secured
C. which secure
D. which are secured

Which of the following true statements, if added here, would most effectively lead into the new subject of the paragraph?

F. As computers became more powerful, new cryptographic methods were developed.
G. Cryptography continues to evolve, addressing new challenges and threats in the digital world.
H. Diffie and Hellman’s invention had far-reaching implications beyond theoretical mathematics.
J. Many sectors today, including finance and communication, depend on cryptographic security.

Which choice makes the sentence most grammatically acceptable?

A. No Change
B. systems; which prompted
C. Systems. They prompted
D. systems, prompting

Question 10 asks about the passage as a whole.

Suppose the writer’s primary purpose had been to describe how a specific technological advancement changed business practices. Would this essay accomplish that purpose?

F. Yes, because it offers an overview of current cryptographic technology and indicates the variety of ways in which it is used by specific businesses.
G. Yes, because it explains how public-key cryptography made it easier for businesses to secure their communications.
H. No, because it focuses primarily on the development of public-key cryptography and only briefly mentions its implementation by businesses.
J. No, because it focuses on why businesses needed new technology but does not explain how cryptography was able to serve that need.

Which choice makes the sentence most grammatically acceptable?

A. No Change
B. cells; including
C. cells. They include
D. cells, including such

Which choice makes the sentence most grammatically acceptable?

F. No Change
G. it’s
H. they’re
J. their

The writer is considering deleting the preceding sentence. Should the sentence be kept or deleted?

A. Kept, because it introduces the early challenges faced by solar panel technology.
B. Kept, because it explains why solar panels were not immediately popular.
C. Deleted, because it provides an unnecessary detail about the initial use of solar panels.
D. Deleted, because it contradicts the later point about the increased efficiency of solar panels.

Which choice is least redundant in context?

F. No Change
G. as they became cheaper.
H. as they were becoming cheaper.
J. Delete the underlined portion.

For the sake of logic and coherence of the essay, Paragraph 3 should be placed:

A. where it is now.
B. before Paragraph 1.
C. after Paragraph 1.
D. after Paragraph 4.

Which choice most closely maintains the sentence pattern the writer establishes in the first paragraph?

F. No Change
G. next, the dough will be shaped, then it will rest
H. shaping the dough, and letting it rest
J. the dough will be shaped, and it will rest

Which choice makes the sentence most grammatically acceptable?

A. No Change
B. typical–store-bought–loaf
C. typical store-bought, loaf
D. typical store-bought loaf

Which choice makes the sentence most grammatically acceptable and least redundant in context?

F. No Change
G. that uses natural yeast and bacteria from a starter culture.
H. using a starter culture that naturally ferments and involves natural yeast and bacteria.
J. Delete the underlined portion.

Which sequence of sentences makes this paragraph most logical?

A. No Change
B. C, B, A
C. A, C, B
D. C, A, B

Which choice best introduces the main focus of the paragraph?

F. There is a wide variation in flavor profile among commercial sourdough brands.
G. The process used to make sourdough not only enhances its flavor but also provides notable health benefits.
H. Sourdough has been around for thousands of years.
J. Many people enjoy baking sourdough as a hobby.

Which choice makes the sentence most grammatically acceptable?

A. No Change
B. that can contribute
C. that are contributing
D. which could contribute

Which choice makes the sentence most grammatically acceptable?

F. No Change
G. patience and precision, both
H. patience and precision
J. patience, and precision

Which choice makes the sentence most grammatically acceptable?

A. No Change
B. require
C. is requiring
D. requires

The writer wants to add a detail here that emphasizes the rewarding aspect of baking sourdough while maintaining the flow of the paragraph. Which choice best accomplishes this goal?

F. The result is a loaf with a perfect crust and a soft, airy crumb that makes all the effort worthwhile.
G. I find baking sourdough relaxing, and I am always left with a feeling of accomplishment upon taking the completed loaf out of the oven.
H. Many bakers find joy in the process itself, from mixing the ingredients to watching the dough rise.
J. Baking sourdough at home can be a fulfilling and therapeutic activity.

Which choice makes the sentence most grammatically acceptable?

A. No Change
B. Sprinkling flour on the countertop and shaping the dough into a round loaf.
C. I sprinkle flour on the countertop making the dough ready to shape into a round loaf.
D. I sprinkle flour on the countertop and shape the dough into a round loaf.

Which choice makes the sentence most grammatically acceptable?

F. No Change
G. their bar had sold
H. her bar sold
J. her bar was selling

If the writer was to delete the underlined portion, the essay would primarily lose:

A. an indication that Martinez honors Mexican cultural heritage by creating chocolate that looks nearly identical to traditional pieces.
B. a mention of a physical characteristic of the earliest chocolate used by Mexican artisans.
C. a clarification of Martinez's unique approach to chocolate making.
D. a point revealing that Martinez's chocolate is used by Mexican chefs today.

Which choice makes the sentence most grammatically acceptable?

F. No Change
G. beans; and harvests
H. beans, harvesting
J. beans, but she harvests

Which choice provides the most specific and accurate information about how Martinez’s chocolate bars differ from those of other chocolatiers?

A. No Change
B. a remarkable level of detail in certain sections
C. characteristic textures
D. layered interiors and molded exteriors

Which placement of the underlined portion makes it the most clear that the truffles, not the spices, are infused?

F. Where it is now
G. After the word like
H. After the word truffle
J. After the word Martinez’s

Which transition word or phrase is most logical in context?

A. No Change
B. In contrast
C. Consequently
D. Additionally

Which choice makes the sentence most grammatically acceptable?

F. No Change
G. who
H. which
J. of whom

Which choice provides the clearest and most specific description of the Mexican Cacao Alliance’s purpose of supporting cacao farmers and promoting the sustainability of the cacao industry in Mexico?

A. No Change
B. support the cacao movement and its farmers.
C. enhance agricultural practices and improve the quality of life for farming communities through education, training, and other resources.
D. promote eco-friendly and sustainable farming techniques that protect biodiversity and the environment.

Which choice is least redundant in context?

F. No Change
G. aside from inspiring others through the Mexican Cacao Alliance
H. In addition to inspiring others
J. Delete the underlined portion.

The writer is considering adding the following sentence to the essay:

The dark stripes were precisely aligned, sharply contrasting with the lighter shades, which formed raised patterns of perfectly even points that seemed to cascade down the bar.

If the writer was to add this sentence, it would most logically be placed at:

A. Point A in Paragraph 1.
B. Point B in Paragraph 1.
C. Point C in Paragraph 2.
D. Point D in Paragraph 2.

Which transition word or phrase is most logical in context?

F. No Change
G. In fact
H. On the other hand
J. As a result

Which choice best indicates the specific challenges monarch butterflies face?

A. No Change
B. Monarch populations have been experiencing difficulties during their migration due to various environmental factors.
C. Monarchs must adapt to new conditions caused by environmental changes that have been negatively impacting their habitats.
D. Monarch populations have been declining rapidly in recent years.

If the writer was to delete the underlined portion, the essay would primarily lose:

F. evidence supporting the need for habitat preservation for monarchs.
G. a connection between milkweed and the monarch butterfly’s migration.
H. a clear explanation of why milkweed is vital to monarch conservation efforts.
J. details about how monarch butterflies lay their eggs.

Which choice is least redundant in context?

A. No Change
B. which helps other species.
C. assisting plants in reproduction and providing food sources for other species as the number of plants available increases.
D. helping plants reproduce and sustaining ecosystems.

Which choice, if added here, most effectively maintains the essay’s tone?

F. These initiatives show the importance of becoming more involved in saving butterflies from extinction.
G. These efforts are making people more into saving butterflies and their habitats.
H. Such initiatives highlight the importance of preserving biodiversity.
J. Efforts like these show how much people love butterflies and pollination.

Which choice makes the sentence most grammatically acceptable?

A. No Change
B. layouts, reflecting
C. layouts, and it reflected
D. layouts that reflected

Which choice makes the sentence most grammatically acceptable?

F. No Change
G. are requiring
H. require
J. required

Which choice makes the sentence most grammatically acceptable?

A. No Change
B. leads
C. is leading
D. led

Which choice makes the sentence most grammatically acceptable?

F. No Change
G. its
H. it's
J. they're

Which choice makes the sentence most grammatically acceptable?

A. No Change
B. who oversaw
C. that oversaw
D. when they were overseeing

Which transition word, if any, is most logical in context?

F. No Change
G. nevertheless,
H. regardless,
J. Delete the underlined portion.

Which choice makes the sentence most grammatically acceptable?

A. No Change
B. engineering
C. engineers'
D. engineers

Which answer choice best describes the city planning framework as it was detailed in the passage?

F. No Change
G. a contrasting
H. an unusual
J. a whimsical

Which choice makes the sentence most grammatically acceptable?

A. No Change
B. insured
C. ensure
D. ensured

Given that all the choices are accurate, which one best emphasizes the significance of Hammurabi’s project to the city’s advancements in years to come?

F. No Change
G. built on centuries of Mesopotamian architectural knowledge
H. brought a small-scale model to life
J. emphasized the cultural impact of their architectural advancements

English Practice Test 1 (New Format)

English Practice Test 1 (New Format)

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